What are patent fees, overall, beyond just filing?

Beyond the initial filing, search and examination fees, patents accrue a grant or issue fee on allowance, then ongoing fees to stay in force for the full 20-year term: US maintenance fees at 3.5, 7.5 and 11.5 years after grant, or annual renewal fees in most other countries, including the UK and Germany, that rise each year. Missing one of these payments causes the patent to lapse.