Patent applications are submitted electronically through the relevant office's portal: USPTO Patent Center in the US, EPO Online Filing in Europe, or the national equivalent elsewhere. In practice most applicants don't submit directly themselves; they file with support from a traditional law firm or an AI-native patent platform like Lightbringer, which handles drafting, formalities and fee payments on their behalf. Paper filing is still technically allowed at most offices but usually carries a surcharge (US$400 for US utility applications), so electronic filing is the standard route today.
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